Pascal Script – Quick Guide for JavaScript Developers

• The language is NOT case sensitive at all.
• Statements end with a semicolon (;).   Line breaks do not affect code execution.
• Blocks of code use begin ... end instead of { ... }.
• Programs, procedures, and functions must declare all variables before use.
• Assignment to variables uses the := symbol.
• Single-line Comment:
  // This is a comment
• Multi-line Comment:
  { This is a block comment }

Index

• Supported Data Types
• Symbols and Their Meaning
• Operators
• Variable Declaration (var) and Constants (const)
• IF Conditions
• Code Blocks: Begin...End vs. Single Line
• Iteration (Loops)
• Case
• Array
• TRY
• Procedures vs Functions
• Parameter Passing
• String Utilities
• Date/Time Basics
• Type Conversion
• Records

Supported Data Types

Symbols and Their Meaning

Operators

Variable Declaration (var) and Constants (const)

const
  MAX_RETRIES = 3;
  APP_NAME = 'Pascal Demo';

var
  counter: Integer;
  userName: String;
  isReady: Boolean;

begin
  counter := 0;
  userName := 'Dana';
  isReady := True;

  ShowMessage(APP_NAME + ' / retries: ' + IntToStr(MAX_RETRIES));
end;

// Multiple variables of the same type in one line
var
  x, y, z: Integer;
begin
  x := 10;
  y := 20;
  z := x + y;
end;

IF Conditions

var
  age: Integer;
  isMember: Boolean;
begin
  age := 21;
  isMember := True;

  if (age >= 18) and (isMember = True) then
    ShowMessage('Access granted')
  else
    ShowMessage('Access denied');
end;

// Else-if style (nested if in else branch)
if score >= 90 then
  grade := 'A'
else if score >= 80 then
  grade := 'B'
else
  grade := 'C';

Code Blocks: Begin...End vs. Single Line

• Single Line: If an IF or Loop contains only one statement, begin/end is optional.
• Multi-line Block: Multiple statements MUST be wrapped in a begin...end; block.
• The Else Rule: You MUST NOT put a semicolon before an else keyword.

// Single line example
IF X > 10 Then
  DoSomething;

// Block example
if (X <= 10) and (Y <> 0) then
  Begin
    X:= X + 1;
    Y:= 0;
  End;

Iteration (Loops)

For

var
  i: Integer;
begin
  for i := 1 to 5 do
    begin
      ShowMessage('Iteration: ' + IntToStr(i));
    end;

  for i := 5 downto 1 do
    begin
      ShowMessage('Countdown: ' + IntToStr(i));
    end;
end;

While

while (CurrentValue <= MaxLimit) do
  begin
    CurrentValue := CurrentValue + Step;
  end;

Repeat...Until

repeat
  ExecuteTask;
until (IsFinished = True);

Case

var
  dayNumber: Integer;
  dayName: String;
begin
  dayNumber := 3;

  case dayNumber of
    1: dayName := 'Sunday';
    2: dayName := 'Monday';
    3: dayName := 'Tuesday';
    4: dayName := 'Wednesday';
    5: dayName := 'Thursday';
    6: dayName := 'Friday';
    7: dayName := 'Saturday';
  else
    dayName := 'Unknown';
  end;
end;

var
  commandText: String;
begin
  commandText := 'start';

  case LowerCase(commandText) of
    'start': ShowMessage('Starting...');
    'stop': ShowMessage('Stopping...');
    'pause': ShowMessage('Paused.');
  else
    ShowMessage('Unknown command: ' + commandText);
  end;
end;

Array

var
  scores: array[0..4] of Integer;
  i: Integer;
begin
  scores[0] := 10;
  scores[1] := 20;
  scores[2] := 30;
  scores[3] := 40;
  scores[4] := 50;

  for i := 0 to 4 do
    ShowMessage('Score #' + IntToStr(i) + ': ' + IntToStr(scores[i]));
end;

TRY

var
  x, y, z: Integer;
begin
  x := 10;
  y := 0;

  try
    z := x div y;
    ShowMessage('Result: ' + IntToStr(z));
  except
    ShowMessage('An error occurred: division by zero.');
  end;
end;

var
  started: Boolean;
begin
  started := False;

  try
    started := True;
    ShowMessage('Starting task...');
    ExecuteTask;
  finally
    if started then
      ShowMessage('Cleanup completed.');
  end;
end;

Procedures vs Functions

procedure LogMessage(msg: String);
begin
  ShowMessage(msg);
end;

function AddNumbers(a, b: Integer): Integer;
begin
  Result := a + b;
end;

var
  sum: Integer;
begin
  LogMessage('Calculating...');
  sum := AddNumbers(7, 5);
  ShowMessage('Sum = ' + IntToStr(sum));
end;

function BuildWelcomeMessage(userName: String): String;
  function NormalizeName(const rawName: String): String;
  begin
    NormalizeName := Trim(rawName);
  end;
begin
  Result := 'Hello, ' + NormalizeName(userName);
end;

begin
  ShowMessage(BuildWelcomeMessage('  Yaniv  '));
end;

Parameter Passing

procedure IncreaseByValue(x: Integer);
begin
  x := x + 1;
end;

procedure IncreaseByRef(var x: Integer);
begin
  x := x + 1;
end;

var
  n: Integer;
begin
  n := 10;
  IncreaseByValue(n);
  ShowMessage('After value call: ' + IntToStr(n)); // 10

  IncreaseByRef(n);
  ShowMessage('After var call: ' + IntToStr(n)); // 11
end;

String Utilities

var
  s: String;
begin
  s := '  Pascal Script  ';

  ShowMessage('Length: ' + IntToStr(Length(s)));
  ShowMessage('Trim: [' + Trim(s) + ']');
  ShowMessage('Upper: ' + UpperCase(s));
  ShowMessage('Lower: ' + LowerCase(s));
  ShowMessage('Pos of Script: ' + IntToStr(Pos('Script', s)));
  ShowMessage('Copy 1..6: ' + Copy(Trim(s), 1, 6));
end;

Date/Time Basics

var
  nowValue: TDateTime;
begin
  nowValue := Now;

  ShowMessage('Date: ' + DateToStr(Date));
  ShowMessage('Time: ' + TimeToStr(Time));
  ShowMessage('Now: ' + DateTimeToStr(nowValue));
  ShowMessage('Custom: ' + FormatDateTime('yyyy-mm-dd hh:nn:ss', nowValue));
end;

Type Conversion

var
  s: String;
  n: Integer;
  f: Double;
begin
  s := '42';
  n := StrToInt(s);
  f := StrToFloat('3.14');

  ShowMessage('IntToStr: ' + IntToStr(n));
  ShowMessage('FloatToStr: ' + FloatToStr(f));

  if TryStrToInt('abc', n) then
    ShowMessage('Converted: ' + IntToStr(n))
  else
    ShowMessage('Invalid integer input.');
end;

Records

type
  TUser = record
    Name: String;
    Age: Integer;
    Active: Boolean;
  end;

var
  user: TUser;
begin
  user.Name := 'Dana';
  user.Age := 28;
  user.Active := True;

  ShowMessage('User: ' + user.Name + ', age ' + IntToStr(user.Age));
end;